Frequently Asked Questions

The exact cause of OCD isn’t fully understood. Research suggests it involves a combination of genetic, neurological, behavioral, cognitive, and environmental factors. Differences in brain circuits related to threat detection and regulation may play a role, as can family history or certain life stressors.

OCD is diagnosed by a qualified mental health professional through a clinical interview and symptom assessment. The process typically involves discussing intrusive thoughts, compulsive behaviors, and how these impact daily functioning. Structured tools like the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) may be used to support diagnosis.

OCD frequently co-occurs with anxiety disorders, depression, and eating disorders. Other common overlaps include body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), tic disorders, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Identifying co-occurring conditions helps guide effective, integrated treatment.

The most effective treatments for OCD are Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP)—a specialized form of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy—and, in some cases, medication such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and mindfulness-based approaches may also be used as part of comprehensive care.

OCD is considered a chronic condition, but it is highly manageable with appropriate treatment. Many people experience significant, lasting improvement through consistent therapy and support, even if occasional flare-ups occur.

Yes. OCD treatment, including ERP, can be effectively provided through telehealth. Many clients find virtual sessions convenient and equally beneficial, allowing for real-world exposure work within their natural environments. Nourished Minds Counseling + Wellness offers virtual therapy sessions for individuals in CT, FL, MA & RI.

Not always. Many people respond well to therapy alone, particularly when they can engage fully in ERP and related skills. In some cases, however, medication can make therapy more effective by reducing the intensity of obsessions or anxiety enough for new patterns to take hold. We may recommend an assessment with a prescriber if symptoms remain strong despite active participation in treatment, or if distress continues to interfere with daily functioning.

As part of comprehensive care at Nourished Minds Counseling + Wellness, medication can be an important tool in treating OCD. Winnie Lee, PMHNP-BC, explains that first-line medications are Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs), including fluoxetine (Prozac), fluvoxamine (Luvox), sertraline (Zoloft), paroxetine (Paxil), citalopram (Celexa), and escitalopram (Lexapro). When symptoms don’t improve enough with SSRIs alone, a tricyclic antidepressant such as clomipramine (Anafranil) may be considered.

For some people, additional medications—such as aripiprazole (Abilify), risperidone (Risperdal), olanzapine (Zyprexa), or quetiapine (Seroquel)—can be added to strengthen the effects of antidepressants. These are known as augmentation strategies and are typically used when a partial response is achieved.

At Nourished Minds, medication is always discussed within the broader context of therapy. The goal isn’t just to reduce symptoms, but to make meaningful progress in ERP and other evidence-based treatments by easing the intensity of obsessions or anxiety enough for change to take hold.